发现自己有些bt了,最近什么都想学一点点,先是solidworks,UG,这几天鼓捣ANSYS,I-deas,呵呵,也怪自己本科和研一研二浪费了太多时间,嘛也没学到,课外实践兼职啊什么的也缺乏,尽bbs,网络,发呆了,做简历才发现自己嘛也不会,赶紧学点东西也好为自己的简历增加些分量,希望有用。
还是solidworks上手最容易,界面和操作比较友好,不象UG那么费劲,这些天学完了软件自带的在线教程,还有图书馆借来的一本入门,一本实作范例,嘿嘿,感觉小有所得,稍稍自得一下下。还有一本应用教程,上边练习题比较多,回头试试,然后下一步的重点转到UG上来,前段稍微入门了因为实验室实在太忙,就放一边了,现在都忘差不多了-_-$,从网上找来的资料还没好好看呢,比较失败的是从图书馆借来的几本书基本上都是废物,完全是按照软件自带的help文档翻译的,这年头,是个人都会编计算机辅导丛书,有路子我tm也能编不少。不过有两本eds自己出的教程不错,还带光盘,虽说我借来的书里没有了,图书馆的网站上可以下载到。
前些天从dontknow那里借来I-deas,费牛劲装好后一直没怎么看过,help真够全的,直接一张盘,慢慢看吧,可惜我怎么折腾都无法让金山词霸从pdf文档里取词,真费劲,就当练e文了。本来是想着学一个有限元分析软件才装i-deas的,发现更多的地方是把它作为一款cad软件看待的,不管了,学着吧,会总比不会强。今天dontknow老师又给我传过来不少ideas的有限元分析教程,在这里俺热泪盈眶表示12分的感谢,等将来有钱了请她吃饭,kaka。另外还俺还拜托iusr帮忙找那款带有管道分析模块pipepak的有限元分析软件algor,据说在下载中了,一个very不错的学计算机的小朋友,3x him.
总而言之一句话,我要开始努力了~for me ,for my family,for tomorrow
Choose the Extrude option.
Choose Chain Curves.
Select the large arc on the right, click MB2. Click MB2 until the Vector Constructor dialog displays.
Choose Cycle Vector Direction so that the vector points down. Click MB2.
跟随这个example中的步骤一步一步的进行,可是到达上边几个步骤的时候,也就是49-52的时候,忽然怎么也进行不下去了,Select the large arc on the right, click MB2. Click MB2 until the Vector Constructor dialog displays,我选完the large arc on the right,后,click MB2,然后按住MB2不放,可是似乎并没有出现那个dialog,就无法进行下一步了,问题到底出在哪儿呢,见鬼。我先找找通过chain curves 来进行extrude操作的相关资料,看是如何进行extrude的,可能问题就出在那里,对那块一直不是太熟悉。
研究了一下通过chain curves来exturde body,回头再继续49步,发现刚才自己有多猪了,-_-##直接一路MB2来确定就会出现vector construtor,ft,我是猪!!!
Creating a Sketch on a Face Example
This example creates a sketch on a planar face and demonstrates how to dynamically:
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Select an edge for the reference direction.
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Enter values in the input boxes for a line’s parameters.
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Switch from line mode to arc mode without leaving the graphics window.
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Create a part that looks like the picture that follows. Hint: extrude the sk_chamfer sketch from the Creating a Sketch on a WCS Plane example.

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Choose the Select General Objects icon
.
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Select the smallest angled face.
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Choose the Sketch icon
.
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Select the upper right edge at
to select the horizontal reference.

The X-Axis changes its direction to match the selected edge.

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Click MB2 to accept the sketch plane. Note the view changes to the sketch orientation.
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Choose the Profile option and click to the left of the YC-axis.
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Enter 6 in the Length box, press TAB and enter 0 in the Angle box. Press ENTER.

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Press, drag and release MB1. The line mode changes to arc mode.
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Drag the cursor down and to the left to get an arc.

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Click MB1 when you see the dotted line which indicates the curve endpoints are aligned.
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Press, drag and release MB1. Arc mode changes to line mode.
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Drag the cursor in a horizontal direction to the left until you see a dotted line under the top upper line’s left endpoint.
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Click to end the line.

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Press, drag and release to change to arc mode.
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Drag the arc to meet the upper line’s left endpoint.

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Click MB1 to end the arc.

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Save the part file.
Creating a Sketch on a WCS Plane Example
This tutorial shows you how to:
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Create a sketch on one of the WCS planes.
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Rename a sketch.
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String lines together.
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Make constraint symbols visible.
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Change the input box from coordinate values to polar coordinate values.
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Fully constrain the sketch.
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Open a new part.
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Enter “sk_chamfer” for the part name.
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Choose Millimeters for units.
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Choose the Modeling application.
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Choose MB3-> Replace View-> TFR-TRI.
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Choose Insert-> Sketch. The Sketch Plane options display on the graphics window.
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Choose the XC-ZC icon
.
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From the Sketcher toolbar, select the sketch name text, enter “chamfer” and press ENTER.
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Click MB2 to accept the sketch plane.
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From the Sketch Curve toolbar, choose the Profile option.
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Choose the Parameters option.
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Choose the Show All Constraints option.
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Click near the WCS origin of the coordinate system and move the cursor up vertically.

The dashed line indicates a possible constraint. The red vertical arrow indicates a vertical constraint. Click MB2 to lock the vertical constraint. Notice that horizontal movement is then ignored. You can blank the angle value to unlock the vertical constraint. The dynamic input boxes accept values of length and angle for the line.
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Continue sketching lines until you have a shape similar to the next figure. When you connect the last line, click MB2 to break the string action.

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Choose Constraints.
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Select the line at the bottom and the XC datum axis.
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Choose Collinear.
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Select the left vertical line and YC datum axis.
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Choose Collinear.
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Choose Dimensions.
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Choose Auto Placement.
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Enter 1.0 in the Text Height box.
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Select the bottom horizontal line and place the dimension.
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Enter 20.0 for the value.

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Select the left vertical line and place the dimension.
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Enter 20.0 for the value (or optionally, enter P3).
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Select the angled line at the top right corner near its right end.
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Select the top horizontal line near its right end.
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Move the cursor until you get an angle dimension and place it.
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Enter 45.0 for the value.
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Select the upper, horizontal line and place the dimension.
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Enter 14.5 for the value. This fully constrains this sketch.

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Click the Finish icon to exit the Sketcher Task Environment.
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Extrude the sketch 20 mm in the YC direction.

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Save the part.
This tutorial example uses several loops (fully constrained) to create a base support holder.
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Open a new part with inches for units and name the part 
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Select the bottom line, then select the XC datum axis. Choose Collinear.
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Select the left endpoint of the bottom line, then select the YC datum axis. Choose Point on Curve.

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Choose the Dimensions option.
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Choose Auto Placement.
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Select the bottom line and drag the dimension below the line.
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Enter a value of 3 for the dimension and press ENTER.
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Select the arc on the right and place the dimension.
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Enter a value of 2 for the dimension and press ENTER. Note the sketch is fully constrained.
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Choose the Line option.
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Draw a line from arc center to arc center.

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Choose the arc option.
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Choose Arc by Center and Endpoints.
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Choose the middle line on its right endpoint
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Drag the cursor downward until you see a vertical alignment indicator. Click MB1.

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Move your cursor up until you see a vertical alignment indicator with the top lines right endpoint. If you don’t see the indicator, pass your mouse over the top line. This adds the line to the short list.
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Draw an arc centered on the middle lines left endpoint.

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Choose the Line option.
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Draw a line between the upper arc endpoints,
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Draw a line between the lower arc endpoints.

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Choose Constraints. If your arcs don’t show the equal radius symbol, select the two arcs and choose Equal Radius.
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Select the two lines. Choose Equal Length.
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Choose the Dimensions option.
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Choose the smaller arc on the left.
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Enter a value of 1.5. The sketch is fully constrained.
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Choose the Convert To/From Reference option.
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Select two smaller arcs, their two connecting lines, and the line in the center. Choose OK.
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Select the point option. Choose Control Point.
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Select the arc endpoints and midpoints of the reference arcs.
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Choose the Constraints option. The points at the arc midpoints show Degree-Of-Freedom arrows.
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Select one of these points with CTRL+MB1, then choose its arc with CTRL+MB1. This allows you to select multiple constraints.
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Choose Midpoint, then choose Point on Curve.
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Perform the same operations on the other point. Your sketch should look like the one below.

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Add two more inside loops with arcs that have a radius of 1.00 and 0.65. Your sketch should be fully constrained and look like the following.

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Save the part.
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Choose Finish Sketch.
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Choose the Extrude option.
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Choose Chain Curves.
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Select the large arc on the right, click MB2. Click MB2 until the Vector Constructor dialog displays.
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Choose Cycle Vector Direction so that the vector points down. Click MB2.
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Enter 0 for the Start Distance and 0.75 for the End Distance. Click MB2.

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Choose Chain Curves.
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Select the first loop on the inside of the reference loop.
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Click MB2 until the Extruded Body dialog displays.
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Enter 0 for the Start distance and 1.3 for the End Distance. Click MB2.
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Choose Unite.

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Choose Chain Curves.
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You are going to select both loops inside the reference loop. Select right arc near the top for the first loop inside the reference loop. Select the line that connects to the arc at the bottom. Do the same for the smallest loop. Both inside loops should be selected.
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Click MB2 until the Extruded Body dialog displays.
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Enter 1.3 for the start distance and 2.05 for the end distance. Click MB2.
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Choose Unite.

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Choose the Hole option.
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Choose the counterbore option.
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Enter 0.7 for the C-Bore Diameter, 0.15 for the C-Bore Depth, 0.4 for the Hole Diameter, 2 for the Hole Depth, and 0 for the Tip Angle.
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Select the upper face of the bottom part of the base. Choose Apply on the Hole dialog.

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Choose the Point onto Point option.
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Select the point on the midpoint of the right reference arc.
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Continue placing counterbore holes on the rest of the points on the reference arcs. Your part should look like the one below.

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Save the part.
建模工作步骤
1.建立一个新的 UG部件文件或恢复一个已存的UG部件文件:File ? New… File?Open…(一个标准格式文件)
2.选择一个应用 : Application?Modeling/Assemblies…
3.检查 /预设置参数 : Preferences?Object/Modeling/Sketcher…
4.建立少数关键设计变量:Tools?Expression…
5.建立对象 : Insert?…
6.分析对象 : Information ? / Analysis?
7.修改对象: Edit?…
8.存贮 UG部件文件: File?Save
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建模几个基本原则
1. 一个零件中只能有一个基本体素
2. 如果是用草图作,只能有一个固定的基准平面及两个固定的基准轴。
3. 尽量用(feature)特征做零件造型,当特征不好造型时再用草图做。
4. 用草图时,曲线要简洁,容易约束。
5. 做草图时,一次性拉伸或旋转用的曲线作在一张草图上。不是在同 一次拉伸或旋转中使用的曲线尽量不要做在一张草图上,可以分别 做在不同的草图上。
6.通过草图到三维图形create的每一个对象是独立的,需要经过布尔运算得到一个整体模型。
from ChinaCAD在线
一、建立自己的配置、加快制图速度
1 建立自己的模板文件
你可以自己建立一个文件,将所有的设置都改好,然后存盘。以后每次要建立新文件的时候就打开模板文件,另存为你所需要的文件名。这样,你不必每次修改你的设定。
2 建立你自己的缺省文件
在许多情况下,上面的方法用不上。比如,你的SBF文件放在某处,或你的pattern文件放在某处。或者你打印机的设置等等。更好的方法是修改缺省配置文件或建立自己的缺省配置文件。
二、层的设置、利用
有许多人从不利用层,他们将不需要的东西blank掉。另一些人滥用层,他们开了许多层,自己都不知道哪一层放的是什么。其实,做一个规划,养成好的习惯对你的制图来说是十分有利的。大多数公司都有制图标准,规定哪一层里放什么东西。我们建议是这样的
1-29层里放solid
30-49层放sketch,每一个sketch放一层。
50-59层放置datum数据平面及数据轴
60-99层放curve及其它需要的object
100-149层放其他临时object
150-199层备用
200-249层属于制图范围层
250-256留作它用
1、层可以命名、分类
为了便于记忆以及方便他人修改,层可以命名分类。刚开始觉得不方便,用习惯了会发现它的好处,特别是开发大型零部件时。
2、层可以方便出图。
有时,出图时要将某一层的东西关闭掉。比如你要将汽缸的盖子打开,出一张俯视图。或者在某些大型装配时,你只要显示某一层的内容。
3、关闭不工作的层,加快显示速度
出图时为了加快显示速度,通常可以将不需要的层关闭。有时还需要将某些视图关闭,设为inactive
一般来说,越是大型装配,层越重要。所以要养成好习惯。
三、用curve画的图也用装配
通常,装配是用在实体上的。但具体情况下,curve画的图有时也需要装配。比如,我们汽轮机总装图使用curve画的。
为了避免重画里面的转子等图,同时又要保证几个图同步修改,可以使用装配,将里面的转子输出。为什么不用其他方法呢?因为其他方法都有缺点。比如,我们有些人用上面提到的层的用法,或用不同的sheet的方法,或用export生成新文件的方法等等。但没有一个方法是正确的。
四、装配好之后还要加工,怎么办
有时我们有粗加工图,或者我们有焊后加工,需要在装配好之后加工。这时怎么办?UG对此作了处理,有一个功能专门为此设置,就是promotion。在做promote之前,你必须将你的缺省文件ug_metric.def(或ug_english.def,看你用哪个)修改一下,将里面的Assemblies_AllowInterPart和Assemblies_AllowPromotions改为yes否则没法使用promotion。
五、合理建模
这个问题太大了,很难讲清楚。我常看见有些人建模型只花了一星期,修改时花了两个星期还没改好,不得不删除了重做。有时,模型改了,图却没法更新。这都不是UG有什么问题,而是人为造成的。
为了方便修改以及减少大装配的容量,我的建议是:
1、尽量不用transform 拷贝实体,而用instance
2、尽量使用sketch
3、尽量使用boss pad hole slot之类的feature
六、如何转换公英制文件
启动 UG, 打开UG part 文件,进入Modeling.
Toolbox->Expression->export 产生 name.exp 文件.
Start->Program->Unigraphics V1x.0->UG Command Prompt
Cd d:\ugs150(eds140)\ugii
Ug_convert_part 杋n (-mm) name.prt
Close UG part 文件, 重新打开 UG part 文件。进入Modeling.
Toolbox->Expression->Import with option(Replace Existing)
七、如何不剖轴
1、选择assemblies->change work part。让将被处理的零件作为当前工作零件。
2、选择菜单arrange->attributes->part attributes
3。系统出现对话框,选择“Assign”如下:
4。输入零件属性名称“section-component”:
5。输入零件属性值“NO”:
这样设定后,此零件在装配剖视图中将不进行剖切处理。如果希望进行剖切 ,只须将零件属性值由”NO“改为”YES“。