# cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC
# cp GENERIC GENERIC.bak
以下是 GENERIC的内容,
######################################################################
#
# GENERIC -- Generic kernel configuration file for FreeBSD/i386
#
# For more information on this file, please read the handbook section on
# Kernel Configuration Files:
#
# http://www.FreeBSD.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/kernelconfig-config.html
#
# The handbook is also available locally in /usr/share/doc/handbook
# if you've installed the doc distribution, otherwise always see the
# FreeBSD World Wide Web server (http://www.FreeBSD.org/) for the
# latest information.
#
# An exhaustive list of options and more detailed explanations of the
# device lines is also present in the ../../conf/NOTES and NOTES files.
# If you are in doubt as to the purpose or necessity of a line, check first
# in NOTES.
#
# $FreeBSD: src/sys/i386/conf/GENERIC,v 1.429.2.7.2.2 2006/05/01 00:15:12 scottl Exp $
machine i386
#cpu I486_CPU
#cpu I586_CPU
cpu I686_CPU
ident GENERIC
# To statically compile in device wiring instead of /boot/device.hints
#hints "GENERIC.hints" # Default places to look for devices.
#makeoptions DEBUG=-g # Build kernel with gdb(1) debug symbols
#options SCHED_ULE # ULE scheduler
options SCHED_4BSD # 4BSD scheduler
options PREEMPTION # Enable kernel thread preemption
options INET # InterNETworking
#options INET6 # IPv6 communications protocols
options FFS # Berkeley Fast Filesystem
options SOFTUPDATES # Enable FFS soft updates support
options UFS_ACL # Support for access control lists
options UFS_DIRHASH # Improve performance on big directories
options MD_ROOT # MD is a potential root device
options NFSCLIENT # Network Filesystem Client
#options NFSSERVER # Network Filesystem Server
options NFS_ROOT # NFS usable as /, requires NFSCLIENT
options MSDOSFS # MSDOS Filesystem
options CD9660 # ISO 9660 Filesystem
options PROCFS # Process filesystem (requires PSEUDOFS)
options PSEUDOFS # Pseudo-filesystem framework
options GEOM_GPT # GUID Partition Tables.
options COMPAT_43 # Compatible with BSD 4.3 [KEEP THIS!]
options COMPAT_FREEBSD4 # Compatible with FreeBSD4
options COMPAT_FREEBSD5 # Compatible with FreeBSD5
#options SCSI_DELAY=5000 # Delay (in ms) before probing SCSI
options KTRACE # ktrace(1) support
options SYSVSHM # SYSV-style shared memory
options SYSVMSG # SYSV-style message queues
options SYSVSEM # SYSV-style semaphores
options _KPOSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING # POSIX P1003_1B real-time extensions
#options KBD_INSTALL_CDEV # install a CDEV entry in /dev
#options AHC_REG_PRETTY_PRINT # Print register bitfields in debug
# output. Adds ~128k to driver.
#options AHD_REG_PRETTY_PRINT # Print register bitfields in debug
# output. Adds ~215k to driver.
#options ADAPTIVE_GIANT # Giant mutex is adaptive.
device apic # I/O APIC
# Bus support.
device eisa
device pci
# Floppy drives
#device fdc
# ATA and ATAPI devices
device ata
device atadisk # ATA disk drives
#device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
#device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
#device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
#options ATA_STATIC_ID # Static device numbering
# SCSI Controllers
#device ahb # EISA AHA1742 family
#device ahc # AHA2940 and onboard AIC7xxx devices
#device ahd # AHA39320/29320 and onboard AIC79xx devices
#device amd # AMD 53C974 (Tekram DC-390(T))
#device isp # Qlogic family
#device ispfw # Firmware for QLogic HBAs- normally a module
#device mpt # LSI-Logic MPT-Fusion
#device ncr # NCR/Symbios Logic
#device sym # NCR/Symbios Logic (newer chipsets + those of `ncr')
#device trm # Tekram DC395U/UW/F DC315U adapters
#device adv # Advansys SCSI adapters
#device adw # Advansys wide SCSI adapters
#device aha # Adaptec 154x SCSI adapters
#device aic # Adaptec 15[012]x SCSI adapters, AIC-6[23]60.
#device bt # Buslogic/Mylex MultiMaster SCSI adapters
#device ncv # NCR 53C500
#device nsp # Workbit Ninja SCSI-3
#device stg # TMC 18C30/18C50
# SCSI peripherals
#device scbus # SCSI bus (required for SCSI)
#device ch # SCSI media changers
#device da # Direct Access (disks)
#device sa # Sequential Access (tape etc)
#device cd # CD
#device pass # Passthrough device (direct SCSI access)
#device ses # SCSI Environmental Services (and SAF-TE)
# RAID controllers interfaced to the SCSI subsystem
#device amr # AMI MegaRAID
#device arcmsr # Areca SATA II RAID
#device asr # DPT SmartRAID V, VI and Adaptec SCSI RAID
#device ciss # Compaq Smart RAID 5*
#device dpt # DPT Smartcache III, IV - See NOTES for options
#device hptmv # Highpoint RocketRAID 182x
#device rr232x # Highpoint RocketRAID 232x
#device iir # Intel Integrated RAID
#device ips # IBM (Adaptec) ServeRAID
#device mly # Mylex AcceleRAID/eXtremeRAID
#device twa # 3ware 9000 series PATA/SATA RAID
# RAID controllers
#device aac # Adaptec FSA RAID
#device aacp # SCSI passthrough for aac (requires CAM)
#device ida # Compaq Smart RAID
#device mfi # LSI MegaRAID SAS
#device mlx # Mylex DAC960 family
#device pst # Promise Supertrak SX6000
#device twe # 3ware ATA RAID
# atkbdc0 controls both the keyboard and the PS/2 mouse
device atkbdc # AT keyboard controller
device atkbd # AT keyboard
device psm # PS/2 mouse
#device kbdmux # keyboard multiplexer
device vga # VGA video card driver
device splash # Splash screen and screen saver support
# syscons is the default console driver, resembling an SCO console
device sc
# Enable this for the pcvt (VT220 compatible) console driver
#device vt
#options XSERVER # support for X server on a vt console
#options FAT_CURSOR # start with block cursor
device agp # support several AGP chipsets
# Power management support (see NOTES for more options)
#device apm
# Add suspend/resume support for the i8254.
device pmtimer
# PCCARD (PCMCIA) support
# PCMCIA and cardbus bridge support
#device cbb # cardbus (yenta) bridge
#device pccard # PC Card (16-bit) bus
#device cardbus # CardBus (32-bit) bus
# Serial (COM) ports
#device sio # 8250, 16[45]50 based serial ports
# Parallel port
#device ppc
#device ppbus # Parallel port bus (required)
#device lpt # Printer
#device plip # TCP/IP over parallel
#device ppi # Parallel port interface device
#device vpo # Requires scbus and da
# If you've got a "dumb" serial or parallel PCI card that is
# supported by the puc(4) glue driver, uncomment the following
# line to enable it (connects to the sio and/or ppc drivers):
#device puc
# PCI Ethernet NICs.
#device de # DEC/Intel DC21x4x (``Tulip'')
#device em # Intel PRO/1000 adapter Gigabit Ethernet Card
#device ixgb # Intel PRO/10GbE Ethernet Card
#device txp # 3Com 3cR990 (``Typhoon'')
#device vx # 3Com 3c590, 3c595 (``Vortex'')
# PCI Ethernet NICs that use the common MII bus controller code.
# NOTE: Be sure to keep the 'device miibus' line in order to use these NICs!
device miibus # MII bus support
#device bce # Broadcom BCM5706/BCM5708 Gigabit Ethernet
#device bfe # Broadcom BCM440x 10/100 Ethernet
#device bge # Broadcom BCM570xx Gigabit Ethernet
#device dc # DEC/Intel 21143 and various workalikes
#device fxp # Intel EtherExpress PRO/100B (82557, 82558)
#device lge # Level 1 LXT1001 gigabit Ethernet
#device nge # NatSemi DP83820 gigabit Ethernet
#device nve # nVidia nForce MCP on-board Ethernet Networking
#device pcn # AMD Am79C97x PCI 10/100(precedence over 'lnc')
#device re # RealTek 8139C+/8169/8169S/8110S
#device rl # RealTek 8129/8139
#device sf # Adaptec AIC-6915 (``Starfire'')
#device sis # Silicon Integrated Systems SiS 900/SiS 7016
#device sk # SysKonnect SK-984x & SK-982x gigabit Ethernet
#device ste # Sundance ST201 (D-Link DFE-550TX)
#device ti # Alteon Networks Tigon I/II gigabit Ethernet
#device tl # Texas Instruments ThunderLAN
#device tx # SMC EtherPower II (83c170 ``EPIC'')
#device vge # VIA VT612x gigabit Ethernet
#device vr # VIA Rhine, Rhine II
#device wb # Winbond W89C840F
#device xl # 3Com 3c90x (``Boomerang'', ``Cyclone'')
# ISA Ethernet NICs. pccard NICs included.
#device cs # Crystal Semiconductor CS89x0 NIC
# 'device ed' requires 'device miibus'
#device ed # NE[12]000, SMC Ultra, 3c503, DS8390 cards
#device ex # Intel EtherExpress Pro/10 and Pro/10+
#device ep # Etherlink III based cards
#device fe # Fujitsu MB8696x based cards
#device ie # EtherExpress 8/16, 3C507, StarLAN 10 etc.
device lnc # NE2100, NE32-VL Lance Ethernet cards
#device sn # SMC's 9000 series of Ethernet chips
#device xe # Xircom pccard Ethernet
# Wireless NIC cards
#device wlan # 802.11 support
#device an # Aironet 4500/4800 802.11 wireless NICs.
#device awi # BayStack 660 and others
#device ral # Ralink Technology RT2500 wireless NICs.
#device wi # WaveLAN/Intersil/Symbol 802.11 wireless NICs.
#device wl # Older non 802.11 Wavelan wireless NIC.
# Pseudo devices.
device loop # Network loopback
device random # Entropy device
device ether # Ethernet support
#device sl # Kernel SLIP
device ppp # Kernel PPP
device tun # Packet tunnel.
device pty # Pseudo-ttys (telnet etc)
device md # Memory "disks"
device gif # IPv6 and IPv4 tunneling
device faith # IPv6-to-IPv4 relaying (translation)
# The `bpf' device enables the Berkeley Packet Filter.
# Be aware of the administrative consequences of enabling this!
# Note that 'bpf' is required for DHCP.
device bpf # Berkeley packet filter
# USB support
#device uhci # UHCI PCI->USB interface
#device ohci # OHCI PCI->USB interface
#device ehci # EHCI PCI->USB interface (USB 2.0)
device usb # USB Bus (required)
#device udbp # USB Double Bulk Pipe devices
#device ugen # Generic
#device uhid # "Human Interface Devices"
#device ukbd # Keyboard
#device ulpt # Printer
#device umass # Disks/Mass storage - Requires scbus and da
device ums # Mouse
#device ural # Ralink Technology RT2500USB wireless NICs
#device urio # Diamond Rio 500 MP3 player
#device uscanner # Scanners
# USB Ethernet, requires miibus
#device aue # ADMtek USB Ethernet
#device axe # ASIX Electronics USB Ethernet
#device cdce # Generic USB over Ethernet
#device cue # CATC USB Ethernet
#device kue # Kawasaki LSI USB Ethernet
#device rue # RealTek RTL8150 USB Ethernet
# FireWire support
#device firewire # FireWire bus code
#device sbp # SCSI over FireWire (Requires scbus and da)
#device fwe # Ethernet over FireWire (non-standard!)
######################################################################
# config GENERIC
# cd ../compile/GENERIC
# make dependclean;make depend
# make;make install
# reboot
到这里后重新编译好内核了
二\ 接下来安装 xorg 和 gnome2
# pkg_add xorg-6.8.2.tbz //freebsd5.3之后都用xrog,不用XFree86了
# pkg_add gnome2-2.10.0.tbz
注 xorg在第一张盘，gnome在第二张盘
把startx 启动做成为 gnome
# echo "/usr/X11R6/bin/gnome-session" > ~/.xinitrc
或
# echo "/usr/X11R6/bin/gnome-session" > /boot/.xinitrc
这时候startx就可以看到gnome了
支持中文 美化Gnome字体
# cd ~
# ee .cshrc
加入如下
setenv LANG zh_CN.eucCN
setenv LC_CTYPE zh_CN.eucCN
setenv LC_LANG zh_CN.eucCN
通过ftp将windows下的SimSun.ttc和Tahoma.ttf拷贝到/var/ftp/incoming中。然后做如下操作：
代码:
# mkdir /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType/
# cd /var/ftp/incoming
# cp * /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType/
重启机器，登陆后运行startx，进入Gnome，没出错的话这时已经是中文版了，只是字体难看些，下面设置字体：点击[桌面]-->[首选项]-->[字体]，将字体全部换成SimSun，字体大小为10，然后点[细节]选项，[平滑]选无，[微调]选轻微，[次像素顺序]选RGB。保存后关闭对话框。
这种情况下只能运行在640*480*16下，很郁闷的
那就把vmware-tools for bsd安装上吧
将VM的CDROM指向VM安装目录的freebsd.iso，再
# mount /cdrom
# cp /cdrom /tmp
# tar -zvxf vmware-freebsd-tools.tar.gz
# cd vmware-tools-distrib
# ./vmware-install.pl
根据一定enter或yes下去直接over.
然后startx
以下是我的 /etc/X11/xorg.conf
###################################################################
# VMware SVGA
Section "Module"
Load "dbe" # Double buffer extension
SubSection "extmod"
EndSubSection
Load "type1"
Load "freetype"
# Load "glx"
EndSection
Section "Files"
RgbPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/rgb"
# FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/local/"
FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/"
FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/:unscaled"
FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1/"
FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/"
FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/100dpi/"
# ModulePath "/usr/X11R6/lib/modules"
EndSection
Section "ServerFlags"
# Option NoTrapSignals
EndSection
#Section "InputDevice"
# Identifier "Keyboard"
# Driver "Keyboard"
# Option "AutoRepeat" "500 30"
# Option "XkbRules" "xfree86"
# Option "XkbModel" "pc104"
# Option "XkbLayout" "us"
# Option "XkbCompat" ""
#EndSection
Section "InputDevice"
Identifier "Mouse1"
Driver "mouse"
Option "Protocol" "SysMouse"
Option "Device" "/dev/sysmouse"
Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5"
# Option "Emulate3Buttons"
# Option "Emulate3Timeout" "50"
# Option "ChordMiddle"
EndSection
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "vmware"
VendorName "VMware, Inc"
HorizSync 1-10000
VertRefresh 1-10000
ModeLine "640x480" 100 640 700 800 900 480 500 600 700
ModeLine "800x600" 100 800 900 1000 1100 600 700 800 900
ModeLine "1024x768" 100 1024 1100 1200 1300 768 800 900 1000
ModeLine "1152x864" 100 1152 1200 1300 1400 864 900 1000 1100
ModeLine "1152x900" 100 1152 1200 1300 1400 900 1000 1100 1200
ModeLine "1280x1024" 100 1280 1300 1400 1500 1024 1100 1200 1300
ModeLine "1376x1032" 100 1376 1400 1500 1600 1032 1100 1200 1300
ModeLine "1600x1200" 100 1600 1700 1800 1900 1200 1300 1400 1500
ModeLine "2364x1773" 100 2364 2400 2500 2600 1773 1800 1900 2000
EndSection
Section "Device"
Identifier "VMware SVGA"
Driver "vmware"
EndSection
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Screen 1"
Device "VMware SVGA"
Monitor "vmware"
# Don't specify DefaultColorDepth unless you know what you're
# doing. It will override the driver's preferences which can
# cause the X server not to run if the host doesn't support the
# depth.
Subsection "Display"
# VGA mode: better left untouched
Depth 4
Modes "640x480"
ViewPort 0 0
EndSubsection
Subsection "Display"
Depth 8
Modes "1024x768"
ViewPort 0 0
EndSubsection
Subsection "Display"
Depth 15
Modes "1024x768"
ViewPort 0 0
EndSubsection
Subsection "Display"
Depth 16
Modes "1024x768"
ViewPort 0 0
EndSubsection
Subsection "Display"
Depth 24
Modes "1024x768"
ViewPort 0 0
EndSubsection
EndSection
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Simple Layout"
Screen "Screen 1"
InputDevice "Mouse1" "CorePointer"
# InputDevice "Keyboard" "CoreKeyboard"
EndSection
###################################################################
设置字体
桌面 -> 首选项 -> 字体
应用程序字体 Tahoma 10
桌面字体 Tahoma 10
窗口标窗字体 Tahoma 10
终端字体 Tahoma 10
字体渲染 单色
安装常用软件
1\ 为firefox中文化：
# cd /usr/ports/chinese/firefox-zh_CN/
# make install clean
2\输入法：小企鹅输入法
# cd /usr/ports/chinese/fcitx
# make install clean
# cd ~
# ee .cshrc
setenv XMODIFIERS @im=fcitx
在/usr/X11R6/bin/gnome-session的上面一行加入（不能放在它下面一行，否则不能启动）：
代码:
exec fcitx &